316(b) Compliance

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In order to meet screen velocity requirements of the Clean Water Act 316 b rule, American Electric Power has investigated the possibility of replacing the Clifty Creek Power Plant traveling water screens with an array of cylindrical wedgewire screens in the cooling water intake forebay.  The site on the Ohio River experiences significant siltation, and there were concerns about associated vulnerability of the wedgewire screens. 

Alden performed flow modeling to evaluate this possibility, and provide possible solutions. The model scope included river flow both upstream and downstream of the intake structure and flow within the intake structure. To model the geometric details of the system accurately, a field survey conducted by Alden was performed prior to the flow modeling efforts. The flow study included 2D and 3D numeric modeling, as well as scale physical modeling.

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{id=61570585118, createdAt=1639074811174, updatedAt=1651603393078, path='fish-survival-in-fish-return-systems-at-cooling-water-intakes', name='Fish Return Survival at Cooling Water Intakes', 1='{type=string, value=Fish Survival in Fish Return Systems at Cooling Water Intakes}', 33='{type=number, value=0}', 34='{type=list, value=[{id=11, name='Natural Resources & Environmental Planning', order=5, label='Natural Resources & Environmental Planning'}]}', 4='{type=string, value=Alden performed two years of laboratory evaluations on factors affecting larval fish survival in fish return systems at cooling water intake structures}', 5='{type=list, value=[{id=15, name='Energy', order=0, label='Energy'}, {id=18, name='Water', order=3, label='Water'}]}', 37='{type=list, value=[{id=60, name='316(b) Compliance', order=11, label='316(b) Compliance'}, {id=111, name='Fish Passage Design, Modeling & Testing', order=62, label='Fish Passage Design, Modeling & Testing'}, {id=112, name='Fish Protection Design, Modeling & Testing', order=63, label='Fish Protection Design, Modeling & Testing'}]}', 6='{type=list, value=[{id=3, name='316(b) Compliance', order=2, label='316(b) Compliance'}, {id=17, name='Fish Passage', order=16, label='Fish Passage'}, {id=18, name='Fish Protection', order=17, label='Fish Protection'}, {id=30, name='Hydropower', order=29, label='Hydropower'}, {id=31, name='Environmental Engineering', order=30, label='Environmental Engineering'}]}', 7='{type=list, value=[{id=1, name='Physical Modeling', order=0, label='Physical Modeling'}, {id=8, name='Laboratory Testing', order=7, label='Laboratory Testing'}]}', 39='{type=string, value=fish-survival-in-fish-return-systems-at-cooling-water-intakes}', 8='{type=string, value=

The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) has funded laboratory studies at Alden on the biological efficacy of fine-mesh screens for safely collecting larval and juvenile fish. However, little information existed on the effects of fish return systems on larval or early juvenile survival. Alden performed two years of laboratory evaluations on factors affecting larval fish survival in fish return systems at cooling water intake structures (CWISs). The project provided the additional data necessary to determine the overall biological efficacy of larval fish collection and return systems. The study was designed to evaluate the effects of velocity, drop height, length, drops and bends on larval fish survival through a fish return system.

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In 2012, Alden developed a report providing an updated review of the state of knowledge on fish protection technologies for use at power plant cooling water intake structures (CWISs) to meet requirements of §316(b) of the Clean Water Act (CWA). In general, power generating facilities have some flexibility in selecting fish protection technologies. The information provided in the report can be used by power generators, resource managers, and permitting agencies to determine the potential for different fish protection technologies to reduce impingement and/or entrainment losses at CWISs. Fish protection technologies are generally grouped into five functional categories—physical barriers, collection systems, diversion systems, behavioral guidance devices, and flow reduction. The performance, operational and maintenance issues, and documented installations of each technology in each functional category were described in the report. The results of the review indicated the importance of site-specific factors to the biological effectiveness and engineering practicality of a technology.

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